Glossary
›
Root Planing
R

Root Planing

Root planing is a periodontal procedure that smooths the root surfaces of teeth to remove bacterial deposits and help the gums reattach to the tooth.

Understanding 

Root Planing

Root planing is a dental procedure used to treat periodontal disease by cleaning and smoothing the root surfaces of teeth below the gumline. When plaque and tartar accumulate beneath the gums, bacteria can irritate the surrounding tissues and cause inflammation, leading to the formation of periodontal pockets. Root planing helps remove these bacterial deposits from the root surfaces.

After the buildup is removed, the dentist or dental hygienist smooths the root surfaces to reduce rough areas where bacteria can collect. This process helps the gum tissue heal and may allow the gums to reattach more closely to the tooth. Root planing is commonly performed together with scaling as part of a deep cleaning procedure for patients with periodontal disease.

Clinical Significance

Root planing removes bacterial deposits and smooths root surfaces to help reduce periodontal pockets and support healing of the gums.

How it Works

The dental professional numbs the treatment area if necessary and uses specialized instruments to remove plaque and tartar from the root surfaces beneath the gums. The root surfaces are then carefully smoothed to reduce rough areas where bacteria can accumulate. This process helps support gum healing and may reduce the depth of periodontal pockets.

Benefits

Removal of bacteria and tartar below the gumline, reduction of gum inflammation, support for healing of periodontal tissues, potential reduction of periodontal pocket depth, improved gum health.

Risks or Considerations

Some patients may experience temporary gum tenderness, swelling, or tooth sensitivity after root planing. The procedure may require local anesthesia and may be performed over multiple visits depending on the extent of periodontal disease.

Recovery & Aftercare

Mild soreness or sensitivity may occur for a few days after root planing. Patients are typically advised to maintain careful oral hygiene, follow any post treatment instructions, and attend follow up visits to monitor healing. Ongoing periodontal maintenance cleanings may be recommended to support long term gum health.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q

What is the difference between root planing and regular cleaning?

A regular dental cleaning focuses on removing plaque and tartar from the visible surfaces of the teeth and slightly below the gumline. Root planing is a deeper periodontal procedure that cleans the root surfaces of the teeth below the gumline and smooths them to remove bacterial deposits. It is typically recommended when gum disease has caused deeper periodontal pockets.

Q

Does root planing hurt?

Root planing is often performed using local anesthesia to numb the treatment area, which helps keep the procedure comfortable. Patients may feel pressure or movement while the dental professional works on the root surfaces. After the procedure, mild soreness or sensitivity may occur but often improves within a few days as the gums begin to heal.

Q

How long does it take to recover from root planing?

Most patients experience mild tenderness for several days after root planing. Gum tissue generally begins to heal within a few weeks as inflammation decreases. The dentist or hygienist may schedule follow up visits to monitor healing and evaluate whether periodontal pockets have improved.

Q

Is root planing the same as deep cleaning?

Root planing is one part of what is commonly referred to as deep cleaning. Deep cleaning typically includes two procedures: scaling, which removes plaque and tartar from tooth and root surfaces, and root planing, which smooths the root surfaces to discourage future bacterial buildup. Together, these procedures help manage periodontal disease.

Q

Is root planing covered by dental insurance?

Many dental insurance plans provide coverage for root planing when it is considered necessary to treat periodontal disease. Coverage may vary depending on the policy and may include limitations such as the number of quadrants treated. Reviewing your dental insurance benefits or speaking with your provider can help clarify expected coverage and potential out-of-pocket costs.

CDT Codes

D4341
Periodontal scaling and root planing, four or more teeth per quadrant
D4342
Periodontal scaling and root planing, one to three teeth per quadrant

Browse Glossary

Explore more dental terminology

View All Terms

Medical Disclaimer: This glossary is provided for educational and informational purposes only. Pearl is not a dental or medical provider and cannot offer medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment recommendations. Always consult a qualified dental professional for questions about your oral health.

Consent Preferences