A dental abscess represents a localized collection of pus resulting from bacterial infection. Two primary types exist: periapical abscess originates from infected pulp tissue and forms at the root tip; periodontal abscess develops in the gum tissue, often from trapped debris in a periodontal pocket.
Both types can cause severe pain and, if untreated, may spread to surrounding tissues, the bloodstream (sepsis), or even the brain. Abscesses never resolve on their own—they require professional drainage and treatment of the underlying cause.