A dental prosthesis is a fabricated dental appliance designed to replace missing teeth, parts of teeth, or associated oral structures. Prostheses may be fixed in place or removable and are custom made to fit a patient’s mouth, restore chewing and speech, and improve facial aesthetics.Dental prostheses are a central part of restorative and prosthodontic care. They are used when teeth are missing, severely damaged, or require replacement due to trauma, decay, or disease. The type of prosthesis selected depends on clinical needs, anatomy, patient preferences, and long term oral health considerations.
UnderstandingÂ
Dental Prosthesis
Clinical Significance
Dental prostheses restore oral function, maintain facial structure, improve speech and aesthetics, and help prevent shifting of remaining teeth and bite problems.
How it Works
The prosthesis is designed based on impressions or digital scans and fabricated from dental materials. It is then fitted, adjusted, and either cemented, attached to implants, or made removable depending on the type.
Who it's For
Patients with missing teeth, extensive tooth damage, or oral defects requiring replacement or support.
Risks or Considerations
Cost, adaptation period, maintenance requirements, potential need for repair or replacement over time. Over-reliance on supporting teeth when applicable.
Recovery &Â Aftercare
Aftercare depends on the prosthesis type. Removable prostheses require daily cleaning and removal. Fixed prostheses require meticulous oral hygiene and regular dental visits to monitor supporting teeth or implants.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q
What is the difference between a dental prosthesis and a dental restoration?
The difference between a dental prosthesis and a dental restoration lies in their purpose and scope. A dental restoration is used to repair or rebuild a damaged tooth, such as with a filling, crown, or onlay, preserving as much natural tooth structure as possible. A dental prosthesis, on the other hand, is designed to replace one or more missing teeth or oral structures. Examples include dental implants, bridges, dentures, and implant-supported prosthetics. While both restore function and appearance, restorations focus on saving existing teeth, whereas prostheses replace teeth that have already been lost.
Q
Are dental prostheses removable?
Dental prostheses can be either removable or not, depending on the type of treatment. Removable dental prostheses include full dentures, partial dentures, and temporary flippers, which patients can take out for cleaning and sleeping. Fixed, non-removable, dental prostheses, such as dental bridges and implant-supported crowns or dentures, are securely attached and cannot be removed by the patient. Non-removable options typically provide greater stability and a more natural feel. Your dentist will recommend the most appropriate type of dental prosthesis based on your oral health, bone support, and long-term treatment goals.
Q
How long do dental prostheses last?
The lifespan of a dental prosthesis depends on the type of prosthesis, the materials used, and how well it is maintained. Fixed, non-removable, prostheses such as dental bridges and implant-supported restorations can often last 10 years or longer with proper care. Removable dentures may need adjustments or replacement sooner due to normal wear or changes in the jawbone over time. Good oral hygiene, regular dental checkups, and avoiding habits like teeth grinding can significantly extend longevity. Your dentist will monitor your dental prosthesis and recommend maintenance or replacement as needed.
Q
Will a dental prosthesis feel natural?
A well-designed dental prosthesis is made to look natural and function comfortably. While it may feel slightly different at first, most patients adapt within a few weeks as their mouth adjusts. Proper fit is essential for comfort, stability, and normal chewing and speaking. Fixed, non-removable options, such as implant-supported prostheses, often feel more like natural teeth because they are securely anchored in place. Removable dentures may require a short adjustment period but can also feel comfortable when properly fitted. Regular follow-up visits help ensure your dental prosthesis continues to fit and function naturally over time.
Q
Are dental prostheses covered by insurance?
Coverage for dental prostheses varies depending on your dental insurance plan and the type of prosthetic treatment provided. Many plans offer partial coverage for prosthetic services such as dentures, dental bridges, or implant-supported restorations, often classifying them as major procedures. Patients are typically responsible for deductibles, coinsurance, and any costs that exceed the annual maximum benefit. Some plans may also include waiting periods before prosthetic services are covered. Because benefits differ widely, reviewing your policy or speaking with your insurance provider can help you understand your expected coverage and out-of-pocket expenses.